【什么情况下用do和does】在英语语法中，"do" 和 "does" 是助动词，常用于构成一般现在时的疑问句、否定句以及强调句。它们的使用取决于主语的人称和数。正确使用 "do" 和 "does" 能让句子更加自然和准确。
一、基本规则总结
1. 主语是 I, you, we, they 时，用 do。
2. 主语是 he, she, it 时，用 does。
3. 在疑问句和否定句中，需要借助 do/does 构成。
4. 在强调句中，也可用 do/does 来加强语气。
二、表格对比
| 主语 | 助动词 | 例句（肯定） | 例句（否定） | 例句（疑问） |
| I | do | I like apples. | I don't like apples. | Do you like apples? |
| You | do | You go to school. | You don't go to school. | Do you go to school? |
| We | do | We play football. | We don't play football. | Do we play football? |
| They | do | They eat lunch. | They don't eat lunch. | Do they eat lunch? |
| He | does | He likes ice cream. | He doesn't like ice cream. | Does he like ice cream? |
| She | does | She studies English. | She doesn't study English. | Does she study English? |
| It | does | It runs fast. | It doesn't run fast. | Does it run fast? |
三、使用技巧
- 疑问句：将 do/does 放在主语前面。
- 例：Does she work here?
- 否定句：在动词前加 not。
- 例：He does not like coffee.
- 强调句：用 do/does 加强语气，表示“确实”或“真的”。
- 例：I do like this movie.
四、常见错误提示
- 不要混淆主语与助动词的搭配。
- ❌ He do like music.
- ✅ He does like music.
- 在否定句中，不要忘记加 not。
- ❌ She not go to the party.
- ✅ She doesn't go to the party.
通过掌握这些规则，你可以更准确地使用 "do" 和 "does"，避免常见的语法错误。在实际交流中，灵活运用这些助动词，能让语言表达更加地道和自然。
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