【高中英语不规则动词表(根据高中英语教材和新课标词汇表整理)(11页】在高中英语学习过程中,动词的变化形式是语法中的重点内容之一。其中,不规则动词因其形式变化不遵循一般规律,成为学生在学习中容易混淆的部分。为了帮助同学们更好地掌握这些动词的过去式和过去分词形式,本文依据现行高中英语教材及《普通高中英语课程标准》所列出的核心词汇,整理了一份较为全面的不规则动词表,供同学们参考与复习。
一、什么是不规则动词?
不规则动词是指那些在构成过去式或过去分词时,不按照“加-ed”的常规变化规则进行变化的动词。例如,“go”变为“went”,“have”变为“had”,“eat”变为“ate”等。这类动词的形式变化往往需要通过记忆来掌握。
二、不规则动词分类
不规则动词可以按其变化方式分为以下几类:
1. 元音变化型:动词原形、过去式和过去分词之间存在元音变化,如:
- go → went → gone
- sing → sang → sung
- run → ran → run
2. 辅音变化型:动词的过去式和过去分词中辅音发生变化,如:
- build → built → built
- cut → cut → cut
- teach → taught → taught
3. 双写辅音型:动词在变过去式或过去分词时,末尾字母重复,如:
- stop → stopped → stopped
- plan → planned → planned
- sit → sat → sat
4. 其他特殊变化型:有些动词的变化形式完全不同于原形,如:
- be → was/were → been
- have → had → had
- do → did → done
三、常见不规则动词表(部分)
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
|------|--------|----------|
| go | went | gone |
| have | had | had |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| take | took | taken |
| see | saw | seen |
| write | wrote | written |
| give | gave | given |
| find | found | found |
| make | made | made |
| come | came | come |
| know | knew | known |
| think | thought | thought |
| read | read | read |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| break | broke | broken |
| drive | drove | driven |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| draw | drew | drawn |
| feel | felt | felt |
| get | got | gotten |
四、学习建议
1. 分类记忆:将动词按变化类型分类记忆,有助于提高记忆效率。
2. 结合例句:通过造句来巩固动词的用法,例如:“I went to the park yesterday.” 或 “She has eaten her lunch.”
3. 定期复习:不规则动词的数量较多,建议定期回顾,避免遗忘。
4. 利用工具:可以借助动词变位表、APP或在线资源进行辅助学习。
五、结语
不规则动词虽然形式多样、变化复杂,但只要掌握了规律并加以练习,就能够逐步掌握。希望这份整理后的不规则动词表能够为同学们的英语学习提供帮助,提升语言运用能力,为高考和日常交流打下坚实的基础。
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注:本表基于高中英语教材及新课标要求整理,内容仅供参考,实际使用中应以教材和教师指导为准。